Determination of Heavy Metals Concentrations in Soil and Tomato Plant (Solanum lycopersicom) from Ajiwa Fadama farms, Katsina State.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56919/usci.2324.005Keywords:
Tomato, Heavy Metals, ConcentrationAbstract
The study aimed to determine heavy metals Cu, Zn, Ni, and Pb concentration from soil and tomato plants (root stem and fruits) produced from Ajiwa Fadama farm. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a vegetable cultivated in Ajiwa fadama sites and is also commonly consumed in Katsina and Nigeria at large. Heavy metal concentrations from soil and tomato plants were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The results of heavy metal revealed that lead (Pb) has the highest concentration, followed by Zn, Cu and Ni as the lowest in both soil and plant parts. However, the concentration of all examined heavy metals in the soils and tomato plants was lower than the permissible values approved by FAO/WHO except for lead (Pb), which has a higher concentration above the permissible limits of 0.3 ppm. The findings of this study indicate possible exposure to lead by the consumers in the sampling area. Further studies are recommended to analyze the heavy metals of irrigation water and organic and inorganic fertilizers used
References
Adefemi and Eyitayo (2013). Uptake of Heavy Metals by Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentun) Grown on Soil Collected from Dumpsites in Ekiti State, South West, Nigeria. International Journal of Chemistry; 5(3); ISSN 1916-9698 E-ISSN 1916-9701 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijc.v5n3p70
Ademorati, CMA. (1996). Environmental chemistry and toxicology, Benin: Foludex Press Ltd. pp49.
Agrios, G.N. (2005). Plant pathology, Academic press, New York, USA. 2 (1) 224-229
Arru L., Rognoni S., Baroncini M., Bonatti P. M., Perata P. 2004. Copper localization in Cannabis sativa L. grown in a copper-rich solution.Euphytica140: 33-38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-004-4752-0
Aydinalp C., Marinova S.(2009). The effects of heavy metals on seed germination and plant growth on Alfalfa plant (Medicago sativa). Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 15: 347- 350.
Babalola, D.A; Makinde, Y.O; Omonona, B.T; Oyekanmi, M.O. (2010). Determinants of postharvest losses in tomato production: a case study of imeko - Afon local government area Ogun State. Acta SATECH, 3,14-18.
Baccouch S., Chaovi A., El Ferjani E. (1998). Nickel toxicity: effects on growth and metabolism of maize. Journal of Plant. Nutrition 21: 577-588. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904169809365425
Bodunde, JG, Erinle, ID, Eruotor, PG and Amans, EB (1993). Recommendation for the release of four heat tolerant tomato varieties. Paper approved by the professional and Academic board, IFAR, ABU, Zaria, Nigeria, 165pp.
Coppola S., Dumontet S., Portonio M., Basile G., Marino P. (1988). Effect of cadmium bearing sewage sludge on crop plants and microorganisms in two different soils. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 20:181-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8809(88)90110-7
Cu N. X. (2015). The effects of heavy metals, phosphate, lime and sawdust on plant growth and heavy metal accumulation by lettuce. ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological. Science10: 241-246.
Damek-Poprawna, M. and Sawicka-Kapusta, K. (2003). Damage to liver, kidney and teats with reference toburden of heavy metals in tomato fruits from areas around steelworks and zinc smelters in Poland. Toxicology.186 (2):1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0300-483X(02)00595-4
Edward, G. and Kuo, JL. (2006). Heavy metals in vegetables grown in Netherlands and in domestic and imported fruits. Z. Lebensm Unters Forsch. 190(1):34-39. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01188261
Edwin-wosu, NL. and Kinako, PDS. (2004). Biomass loss as an index of pollution in various gradients of a crude oil.polluted terrestrial environment. Global Journal of Pure Applied Science. 10:623-625. https://doi.org/10.4314/gjpas.v10i4.16448
Erinle, ID (1989). Present status and prospect for increased production of tomato and pepper in Northern Nigeria. Procedure of international symposium. Integrated Management Practices. AVRD, Tainan, Taiwan
FAO/WHO (2001). Report on the 32nd Session of the Codex Committee on Food Additives and Contaminants, ALINORM 01/12, Beijing, China, 20-24 March 2000. Joint FAO/WHO Food Standard Programme, Codex Alimentarius Commission, 24th Session, 2-7 July, Geneva, Switzerland (also available at www.fao.org)
Fayigaa A.O., Maa L. Q., Caoa X., Rathinasabapathi B. (2004). Effects of heavy metals on growth and arsenic accumulation in the arsenic hyper accumulator Pterisvittata L. Environ.Pollut.132: 289-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2004.04.020
Fernandes, J. C., and Henriques, F. S. (1991). Biochemical, physiological, and structural effects of excess copper in plants. Botanical Review., 57, 246-273. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02858564
Galvez M. C., De Guzman J. F., Gueco S. D., Camelo J., Castilla R., Edgar A., Vallar E. A. (2015). SEM/EDX analysis of the roots of water Eichorniacrassipes collected along Pasig River Manila A, Philippines. ARPN Journal Agriculture and Biol. Sci. 10: 458-463.
Gardea-Torresdey, J. L., Polette, L., Arteaga, S. K., Tiemann, J., Bibb, J. J., & Gonzalez, H. (1996). Determination of the content of hazardous heavy metals on Larrea tridentata grown around a contaminated area. In Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual EPA Conf. On Hazardous Waste Research.
Giovannucci, E. (1999). Tomatoes, tomato-based products lycopene, and cancer: review of the epidemiologic literature. Journal National Cancer Institute 17: 91, 317-331. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/91.4.317
Gomes, M. A., Hauser-Davis, R. A., Suzuki, M. S., and Vitória, A. P. (2017). Plant chromium uptake and transport, physiological effects and recent advances in molecular investigations. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,140, 55-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.01.042
Goyer, R. A. (1997). Toxic and essential metal interactions. Annual Review Nutrition., 17, 37-50. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.17.1.37
John, D, Suthin, RT, Usha, RS and Udhayakumar, R (2010). Role of defense enzymes activity in tomato as induced by Trichoderma virens against Fusarum wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum F. Sp Lycopersici. Journal of Biopesticide, 3, 158-162.
Komárek, M., Tlustoš, P., Száková, J., and Chrastny, V. (2008). The use of poplar during a two year induced phytoextraction of metals from contaminated agricultural soils. Environ. Pollut., 151, 27-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2007.03.010
Konz-Lisi, T. and Friebele, O.I. (1998). Chemistry, environmental impact and health effects. Oxford Parhamin Press. 382-399. https://doi.org/10.1080/09538259800000043
León, A. M., Palma, J. M. Corpas, F. J., Gómez, M., Romero-Puertas, M. C., Chatterjee, D. R., and Sandalio, L. M. (2002). Antioxidative enzymes in cultivars of pepper plants with different sensitivity to cadmium. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Journal 40, 813-820. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0981-9428(02)01444-4
Liu, L., Lu, J. Y., Zhang, Z. W., Zheng, H., Gao, X. Q., and Zhang, W. (2014). Heavy Metals Contamination in Greenhouse Soils and Vegetables in Guanzhong, China. Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 4(3), 80-88. https://doi.org/10.4236/jeas.2014.43009
Mahmood T., Islam K. R., Muhammad S. (2007). Toxic effects of heavy metals on growth and tolerance of cereal crops. Pakistan Journal of Botany 39: 451-462.
Murtic S., Ćerima Z., Hamdija Č., Lutvija K. and Josip J. (2018). Uptake of heavy metals by tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) and their distribution inside the plant. Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 64 (4): 251-261: https://doi.org/10.17707/AgricultForest.64.4.25
Murtić S., Ćerima Z., Hamdija Č., Lutvija K. and Josip J. (2018). Uptake of heavy metals by tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) and their distribution inside the plant. Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 64 (4): 251-261: https://doi.org/10.17707/AgricultForest.64.4.25
Naaz S., Pandey S. N. (2010). Effects of industrial waste water on heavy metal accumulation, growth and biochemical responses of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Journal Environment Biological Growth. 31: 273-276.
Nazar R., Iqbal N., Masood A., Iqbal M., Khan R., Syeed S., Khan N. A. (2012). Cadmium toxicity in plants and role of mineral nutrients in its alleviation. Amer. Journal of Plant Science 3:1476-1489. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2012.310178
Nonneoke, I. L. (1989). Vegetable production. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 657pp
Olayide, SO, Olatunbosun, D, Idusogie, EO and Abia gom, J.O. (2002). A quantitative analysis of food requirement, supplies and demand in Nigeria. 1968-1985. Federal department of Agriculture. 112pp
Parkman, B. and Haskoning, M. (1996). Reconstruction of Ajiwa Reservoir Katsina, Katsina state. Nigeria. P 1-23
Psaras G. K., Manetas Y. (2001). Nickel localization in seeds of the metal hyperaccumulator Thlaspipindicum Hausskn. Annals of Botany. 88: 513-516. https://doi.org/10.1006/anbo.2001.1470
Qi Y., Lian K.,Chin K. L., Ford R. (2003). Using EDX/SEM to study heavy metal uptake and elemental composition in plant tissues. Microscopy and Microanalysis. 9: 1486-1487. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927603447430
Robinson, GO. (1998). Environmental Science (2nd edi.). John Wiley and Son Incorporated. Canada. pp471.
Rout G. R., Das P. (2003). Effect of metal toxicity on plant growth and metabolism: I. Zinc. Agronomie. 23: 3-11. https://doi.org/10.1051/agro:2002073
Salem M. N., Luma S. Albanna and. Awwad A. M. (2016). Toxic Heavy Metals Accumulation in Tomato Plant (Solanum lycopersicum). Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science 11(10), ISSN 1990-6145
Salem N. M., Albanna L. S., Awwad A. M., Abdeen A. O., Ibrahim Q. I.(2016). Sulfurnanoparticles improve root and shoot growth of tomato. Journal of Agricultural Science 8: 179-185. https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v8n4p179
Samuel, A, Paul, CS, Heuvelink, EP and Woldeamlak, A (2011). Opportunities and constraint of tomato production in Eritrea. African Journal Agricultural Residual. 6, 956-967.
Sharma, RR, Singbo, D and Singh, R (2009). Biological control of postharvest disease of fruit and vegetables bymicrobial antagonists: Rev. Biol control 89, 716-721
Singh A., Rajeshkumar S., Madhoolika A., Fiona M. (2010). Risk management of heavy metal toxicity through contaminated vegetables from wastewater irrigated area of varanasi, India. Tropical Ecology. 51: 375-387.
Singh, RS (1998). Plant disease. 7th Edition, Oxford and IBH. Pub. Co.Pvt Ltd New Delli. 686pp
Smith, AF (1994). The tomato on America: University of Ilorin press
Snowdon AL (1992). Color Atlas of postharvest diseases and disorders of fruit and vegetables. Vol.2 Vegetables.Boca Raton, F.L. USA, CRC press
Stinson, E.E, Osman, S.F, Heisler, E.G, Siciliano, I. and Bills, D.D. (1981). Mycotoxin production in wholetomatoes, apples, oranges and lemons, J. Agric. Food Chem., 29, 790-792. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00106a025
Thompson, BC. and Kelly, R. (2000). Buffering agents for acidic substances produced in the digestion of Chinese cabbage, winter green and tomato. Bulletin on Agriculture. 3:16-22.
Tindall, R.L. (1988). Tomato in the tropical Western Press Boulder, Colorado. 56-71
Turkdogan, OS., Perkins, DL. and Tyler, HE. (2003). Vegetable uptake of heavy metal and absorption in contaminated soil. Asia Pollution Bulletin. 4(2):146-155.
Usman and Yerima (2017). Ecological Investigation of Zooplanktons Abundance in Ajiwa Reservoir Katsina State-Nigeria. International Journal of Applied Biological Research 8(1): 50 - 69
Yang, ET. and Zhang, O. (2003). Heavy metal on plant growth. Journal of Environmental Pollution and Management. 3(2):12-25. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:GROW.0000007503.95391.38
Yashvanth S., Rani S. S., Madhavendra S. S. (2013). Micro chemical (elemental) analysis of Leucasaspera (Willd) link employing SEM-EDAX. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Drug Res. 5: 32-35.
Zurera-Cosano, LB. (2008). Man as a contributory factor to pollution. Article on Global Pollution. 5:56-64.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 UMYU Scientifica
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
&
