Association between Anthropometric Indices of Obesity and Lipid profile Parameters among Hypertensive Patients Attending some Selected Hospitals in Kano Metropolis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56919/usci.2542.006Keywords:
Anthropometric Indices, Obesity, Lipid Profile, Hypertension, Cardiovascular Risk, Kano MetropolisAbstract
Study's Excerpt:
• The study supports obesity and hypertension policy recommendations within Kano Metropolis region.
• It promotes awareness and early interventions to reduce metabolic risks in hypertensive patients.
• Obesity indices (BMI, WC, WHR) correlated with lipid markers (TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C) in patients.
• A strong link was found between obesity markers and lipid abnormalities in hypertensive patients.
• Findings recommends adding obesity management to hypertension care for better targeted interventions.
Full Abstract:
Hypertension is a growing global health issue, especially in low-income countries, with obesity as a key risk factor measured through indices like BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio. Assessing the relationship between lipid profiles (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C) and these obesity measures is crucial for effective hypertension management. This study investigates the link between anthropometric indicators of obesity and lipid profile parameters in hypertensive patients who visit specific hospitals in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria. Between November 2024 and February 2025, 200 individuals aged 60 or older participated in a cross-sectional study involving interviews. Each participant's anthropometric indices were measured using techniques employed by trained professionals. The Body Composition Monitor (Karada Omron Scan) was used to measure the participants' weight, BMI, visceral fat, fat composition, muscle composition, and resting metabolism. Standard techniques were then applied to establish the remaining anthropometric data. Lipid parameters were measured using a lipid panel test apparatus. SPSS V 24. 00 was utilized for data analysis. The findings revealed a significant positive correlation between WC and BMI, visceral fat, hip circumference, and TC, HDL, TAG, and LDL-C levels (p < 0. 05), indicating that higher levels of atherogenic lipids are associated with increased obesity. This study also found a significant difference (p < 0. 05) in hip circumference, fat composition, muscle composition, and waist circumference between hypertensive patients and controls. The study demonstrates a notable association between anthropometric indices of obesity and adverse lipid profile parameters among hypertensive patients in the Kano Metropolis.
References
Adeloye, D., Basquill, C., Aderemi, A. V., Thompson, J. Y., & Obi, F. A. (2015). An estimate of the prevalence of hypertension in Nigeria: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Hypertension, 33(2), 230-242. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000000413
Ayogu, R. N. B., Ezeh, M. G., & Udenta, E. A. (2022). Epidemiological characteristics of different patterns of obesity among adults in rural communities of south-east Nigeria: A population-based cross-sectional study. BMC Nutrition, 8(1), 59. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-022-00552-5
Babandi, A., Muhammed, I. Y., Murtala, Y., Ibrahim, A. A., Madugu, A. U., Babagana, K., Jobbi, Y., Mashi, J. A., Yakasai, H. M., Shehu, D., & Abubakar, S. M. (2017). Oxidative stress indices and calcium level among hypertensive patients in Kano-Nigeria. Bayero Journal of Medical Laboratory Science, 2(1), 576-581.
Baudrand, R., Goodarzi, M. O., Vaidya, A., Underwood, P. C., Williams, J. S., Jeunemaitre, X., Hopkins, P. N., Brown, N., Raby, B. A., & Lasky-Su, J. (2015). A prevalent caveolin-1 gene variant is associated with the metabolic syndrome in Caucasians and Hispanics. Metabolism, 64, 1674-1681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2015.09.005
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Adult obesity facts. https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult-obesityfacts/?CDC_AAref_Val=https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/adult.html
Droyvold, W. B., Midthjell, K., Nilsen, T. I., & Holmen, J. (2005). Change in body mass index and its impact on blood pressure: A prospective population study. International Journal of Obesity, 29, 650-655. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0802944
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2024). Publication catalogue: Nutrition. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/cd2332en
He, X., Zhu, D. L., Chu, S. L., Jin, L., & Xiong, M. M. (2009). Alpha-Adducin gene and essential hypertension in China. Clinical and Experimental Hypertension, 23(7-8), 579-589. https://doi.org/10.1081/CEH-100106828
Khashayar, P., Aghaei Meybodi, H., Rezaei Hemami, M., & Larijani, B. (2017). Role of obesity variables in detecting hypertension in an Iranian population. High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention, 24, 305-312. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40292-017-0219-y
Krakauer, N. Y., & Krakauer, J. C. (2016). An anthropometric risk index based on combining height, weight, waist, and hip measurements. Journal of Obesity, 2016, 8094275. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8094275
Liu, Y., Zhuoma, C., & Shan, G. (2008). A1166C polymorphism of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene and essential hypertension in Han, Tibetan and Yi populations. Hypertension Research, 25(4), 515-521. https://doi.org/10.1291/hypres.25.515
National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (1998). Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: The evidence report. Obesity Research, 6(Suppl 2), 51S-209S.
Nguyen, N. T., Magno, C. P., Lane, K. T., Hinojosa, M. W., & Lane, J. S. (2008). Association of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome with obesity: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999 to 2004. Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 207(6), 928-934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2008.08.022
Nguyen, T., & Lau, D. C. (2012). The obesity epidemic and its impact on hypertension. Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 28(3), 326-333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2012.01.001
Ogungbe, O., Abasilim, C., Huffman, M. D., & others. (2024). Improving hypertension control in Nigeria: Early policy implications from the Hypertension Treatment in Nigeria program. Global Health Research and Policy, 9, 26. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-024-00368-9
Richardson, L. C., Vaughan, A. S., Wright, J. S., & Coronado, F. (2024). Examining the hypertension control cascade in adults with uncontrolled hypertension in the US. JAMA Network Open, 7(6), e2431997. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.31997
Skrypnik, D., Bogdanski, P., Madry, E., Karolkiewicz, J., Ratajczak, M., Krysciak, J., Pupek-Musialik, D., & Walkowiak, J. (2015). Effects of endurance and endurance strength training on body composition and physical capacity in women with abdominal obesity. Obesity Facts, 8(3), 175-187. https://doi.org/10.1159/000431002
Skrypnik, D., Ratajczak, M., Karolkiewicz, J., Madry, E., Pupek-Musialik, D., Hansdorfer-Korzon, R., Walkowiak, J., Jakubowski, H., & Bogdanski, P. (2016). Effects of endurance and endurance-strength exercise on biochemical parameters of liver function in women with abdominal obesity. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 80, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2016.02.017
Skrypnik, K., Suliburska, J., Skrypnik, D., Pilarski, L., Regula, J., & Bogdanski, P. (2017). The genetic basis of obesity complications. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Technologia Alimentaria, 16(1), 83-91. https://doi.org/10.17306/J.AFS.2017.0442
Szulinska, M., Skrypnik, D., Ratajczak, M., Karolkiewicz, J., Madry, E., Musialik, K., Walkowiak, J., Jakubowski, H., & Bogdanski, P. (2016). Effects of endurance and endurance-strength exercise on renal function in abdominally obese women with renal hyperfiltration: A prospective randomized trial. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, 29(10), 706-712.
Wang, J. L., Xu, L., Hao, P. P., Xu, F., Chen, Y. G., & Zhang, Y. (2010). Angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene A1166C polymorphism and essential hypertension in Chinese: A meta-analysis. Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, 11(2), 127-135. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470320310364181
Wang, Q., Xu, L., Li, J., Sun, L., Qin, W., Ding, G., Zhu, J., Zhang, J., Yu, Z., & Xie, S. (2018). Association of anthropometric indices of obesity with hypertension in Chinese elderly: An analysis of age and gender differences. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(4), 801. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15040801
Wilsgaard, T., Schirmer, H., & Arnesen, E. (2000). Impact of body weight on blood pressure with a focus on sex differences: The Tromso study, 1986-1995. Archives of Internal Medicine, 160(18), 2847-2853. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.160.18.2847
World Health Organization. (2024). Obesity and overweight. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight
World Obesity. (2019). Global Obesity Observatory. https://data.worldobesity.org/country/nigeria-158/#data_overview
Xu, F. H., Huo, Y. N., Wu, M. B., Liu, J. D., & Zhang, Y. L. (2014). Relationship of parity and other factors with metabolic syndrome in middle-age and elderly women in Nanchang community. China Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 30(4).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Abdullahi Muhammad Umar, Nasir Sirajo Sadi, Aisha Muhammad Gadanya, Lawan Hassan Adamu, Muhammad Ali Gambo, Faiza Aliyu Ismail, Aisha Murtala
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
